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Suez Canal

 

The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigating around Africa. The northern terminus is Port Said and the southern terminus is Port Tawfik at the city of Suez.When first built, the canal was 164 km (102 mi) long, 10 m (33 ft) deep, and (at 11 meters (36 ft) depth) 44 meters (144 ft) wide. After multiple enlargements, the canal is 193.30 km (120.11 mi) long, 24 m (79 ft) deep, and 205 meters (673 ft) wide as of 2010.The canal is owned and maintained by the Suez Canal Authority[6] (SCA) of the Arab Republic of Egypt. Under international treaty, it may be used "in time of war as in time of peace, by every vessel of commerce or of war, without distinction of flag."

It is single-lane with passing places in Ballah By-Pass and in the Great Bitter Lake.[4] It contains no locks; seawater flows freely through the canal. In general, the Canal north of the Bitter Lakes flows north in winter and south in summer. The current south of the lakes changes with the tide at Suez.